漫談貧血 (Anemia) 2019 10 22 近日來接連三位貧血患者前來求診,或因長期頭暈,經軆檢發現血中含鐵成分嚴重不足;或疑因子宮肌瘤引發經血三週不止,導致倦怠虛弱無力等貧血症侯,儘管目前一般群眾的營養不虞匱乏,但貧血患者仍屢見不鮮. 一 何謂貧血 人體內紅血球的壽命約為120天期間會不斷汰舊換新,老的紅血球會被分解,新的紅血球則由骨髓製造.若供需失衡就可能出現貧血.常見症狀包括頭暈,頭痛,臉色蒼白,疲倦,體力變差,易喘,心悸等.影響所及,免疫力隨之下降. (一) 貧血之評估 : 一般是以紅血球細胞濃度(RBC),血色素(HB)作為指標 A 紅血球細胞 : 成人男性標準:400-600萬/UL 成人女性標準:380-550萬UL B 血紅素 : 成人男性標準:14-18g / dl 成人女性標準:12.5-16g / dl 二 貧血類型 : 分六大類 1 缺鐵性貧血 是最常見的貧血類型,症狀為皮膚蒼白,容易喘,心悸, 頭暈,及疲倦. 成因 :主要是鐵質攝取不足,鐵質吸收障礙,或鐵質需 求增加,慢型失血等,飲茶過量或腸胃手術切除 者,就容易有鐵質攝取不足,或吸收障礙,懷孕或 哺乳中的婦女因鐵質需求增加,另外經血量過 多,及癌症患者,若無適當補充鐵質,都可能出 現此類貧血. 養生保健 : (1) 牛肉,豬、雞肝 章魚 牡蠣 文蛤 (2)
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